Changes

1. Some physical changes that happened was my hair turned grey/brown, my forehead got all wrinkly, my cheeks moved out and down, and my eyes have bags under them.

2. Some socio-emotional stages that occur are Generativity, biological generativity, and parental generativity.

3. Erikson's stage of life for middle adulthood is generativity versus stagnation. Generativity meaning giving back to the future generations and stagnation meaning living oneself without consideration for the potential impact on the next generation. This could be expressed by getting married, going to college, having children, or having grandkids.

4. Becoming an adult during a certain period can impact a persons life because there can be many environmental influences that can change a way a person views the world and their decisions that they make. There can be mind changes because people can become paranoid due to the fact that they have been in a event that was impressionable to them and they will never forget it because they witnessed it.

Chapter 11 Vocabulary

Climacteric- Reproductive capacity declines or is lost for both men and women.

Testosterone- A hormone in men that declines as a man ages. When this happens a man may experience moods and emotion changes. 

Estrogen- A hormone that is important in the development of female bodily characteristics. 

Progesterone- A hormone that prepares the female body for reproduction. 

Perimenopause- When a women experiences a decrease in estrogen and progesterone (hormones that are found in higher levels in women than men), Over time, these hormones decrease and cause irregular menstrual periods. 

Menopause- When a women has periods that cease for more than a year and they can no longer reproduce. 

Visual acuity- This is known as the loss of vision sharpness. By the mid-forties, the lens of the eye starts to thicken and slightly pigmented layers of color form on the eye lens. 

Presbyopia- A condition that is also common due to the loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, which results in a slow decrease in the ability to focus on nearby objects. 

Sarcopenia- The loss of muscle mass and strength and at the same time, fat tissue increases.

Osteoporosis- A calcium deficiency that causes bones to become more brittle and less dense. 

Benign- A tumor that is noncancerous.

Malignant- A term used to describe a tumor that is cancerous.

Chemotherapy- A use of cancer-killing chemicals and drugs through radiation and surgical removal. 

Artherosclerosis- A cardiovascular disease that is caused by the clogging of arteries with plaque. 

Inductive reasoning- Involves making conclusions by moving from detailed facts to general theory. Inductive reasoning begins with a detailed, zoomed-in view and then zooms out to make a conclusion.

Deductive reasoning- Uses general observations or theory to reach a detailed conclusion. Deductive reasoning looks at the larger picture and zooms into a focal point. 

Episodic memories- Those memories that include personal experiences or events such as remembering where you put your car keys. 

Semantic memories- Focus on knowledge such as how to change a flat tire. 

Generatively versus Stagnation- A time for figuring out how to leave legacies of one's self to the next generation. 

Chapter 10 vocabulary

Social clock- Refers to cultural expectations of when major life milestones should occur. These expectations may include completing an education, living on their own, establishing a career, marrying, or having children.

Insomnia- The inability to fall asleep or to sleep more than a few hours at a time.

Binge Drinking- The heavy consumption of alcohol over a short period of time.

Alcoholism- The addiction to alcohol.

Fluid Intelligence- The ability to reason abstractly, is a peak in young adulthood.

Crystallized intelligence- Includes judgement, knowledge, and skills needed in life and work, is the focus of much in this stage.

Postformal stage- Adults appear to be better at dealing with complex questions they may never fully answer.

Postconventional morality- Adults begin to care about the local community, environment and society.

Intimacy versus isolation- Erikson captured early adulthood as the stage when faced with making social decisions.

Intimacy- Self disclosure and sharing of private thoughts and emotions.

Secure attachment style- Perceive relationships positively and often establish relationships smoothly and naturally.

Avoidant attachment style- Tend to avoid "getting too close" to others or avoid commitment. Those who show avoidant style may often have multiple, short lived relationships.

Anxious attachment style- They are often anxious, possessive, demanding, and tend to lack trust in relationship partners.

Affectionate love- Involves romantic ways of expressing love for each other, which are not necessarily sexual.

Romantic love- Develops from the combination of friendly love and affectionate love.

Consummate love- Combination of affectionate love and a desire to commit to the relationship through good times and challenges.

Infatuation- Obsession with someone based on appearance or ability.

Compromise- Reaching an agreement by incorporating each partner's idea to reach ideas into a solution.

Unconditional love- Love without limits or exceptions, for their children.

College

Are you planning to attend college?

Yes, I am planning to go to college and earn my masters degree in k4-6 elementary teaching.

Where do you want to attend college?

I want to attend TCC for my first 2 years as a student and transfer to UTA to get my teacher certification and my 4 year bachelors degree.

How much will it cost?

It will cost $59.00 per semester hour and 23,000 for my bachelors degree at UTA.

How will you pay for college?

I will create college loans and get as many scholarships as possible.

Haven you talked to your parents about college financial options?

No, we are still deciding on what college I want to apply to.

When do you plan to begin this discussion?

I plan to begin this discussion when I start applying to colleges.

Chapter 9 vocab

Adolescence- Stage in life when humans go through the transforming process of changing from children to adults.

Puberty- Period of development marked by growth spurts and sexual maturation.

Pituitary gland- Small organ at the base of the brain that releases hormones that regulate growth and hormones.

   

Asynchrony- Growth occurs at different rates, adolescences may appear to be "all legs and arms".

Voice cracking- Male voice changes during early teen years. 

Energy balance- Maintaining a healthy body weight, the intake of calories must be equal to the output of calories.

Eating disorder- Serious condition that involves abnormal eating patterns that can cause severe to life-threatening physical problems

Anorexia nervosa- Relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation, one type of eating disorder.

Bulimia nervosa- Eating disorder that uses binging and purging pattern.

Bingeing- Involves consuming large amounts of food. 

Purging- Self- induced method of expelling food from the system such as vomiting or using laxatives. 

Binge-eating disorder- Involves eating large amounts of food without taking any actions to reduce the amount of food intake. 

Personal fable- Thinking pattern related to cognitive function.

Invincible- Many adolescence believe that bad things will never happen to them because they are unique and special.

Formal operations- Piaget's fourth and final stage of his theory where he believes this stage starts at the beginning of adolescence.

Amygdala- Part of the brain responsible for emotional reactions such as anger, develops early. 

Prefrontal cortex- Regulates emotions and impulse control.

Metaphors- Connects 2 seemingly unlike objects objects or ideas that have something in common such as "my car is a lemon"  to denote that a car has mechanical problems. 

Idiom- Expression that has cultural meaning, but does not necessarily make sense.

Decision making process- Series of steps that involves examining the issue, analyzing alternatives, and acting based on careful evaluation. 

Identity versus identity confusion- Most important task for adolescence is the quest to establish identity and life roles. 

Imaginary audience- Adolescence make themselves the main player on the stage of life and believe everyone is watching them. 

Peer pressure- Influence that a group of people has on an individual in the same age group. 

Cyberbullying- Harassment of others through digital media.

Substance abuse- Misuse of drugs to a toxic, dangerous level. 

Extracurricular activities- Promote group interaction and have a positive effect on social skills. 

Career and technical student organizations (CTSOs)- Provide students with opportunities to demonstrate social skills such as loyalty, responsibility and leadership.  

Chapter 8 vocab

Nutrient-dense- Foods that are rich in vitamins and minerals and contain relatively few calories.
Body composition- Describes the proportion of body fat to lean mass (muscle, bone, and water) in a person's body.
Overweight- A high amount of body fat in relation to lean body mass.
Obesity- An excessive amount of body fat.
Malnutrition- A chronic problem caused by a significant lack of nutrients within a person's diet.
Centering- Piaget's theory that many children tend to focus on only one part of a situation.
Reversibility- Children struggle with the concept of reversing.
Concrete operational stage- Children think logically based on past experiences.
Learning diversity- Differences in learning based on abilities or experiences.
Learning styles- Methods of taking in and processing information.
Executive strategies- Skills used to solve problems.
Conventional mortality- Children may make a moral decision based on the desire to be perceived as "good" or "bad.
Industry versus inferiority- Children become more independent.
Bullying- Act of intimidating, threatening, or hurting someone else.
Stress- Body's response when faced with many problems and pressures.
Hyperopia- Difficulty seeing objects up close.
Myopia- Trouble seeing things far.
Dyslexia- Difficulty understanding and recognizing letters, symbols and sentences.
Mainstreaming- Placement of special needs students who show the ability to keep up with the curriculum.

Parenting styles

Authoritarian parents are the ones who want their children to follow strict rules at home and outside of the house. They are always the ones who give the punishments when the rules are not followed like they should be. The severity of the punishments depend on the parents, some parents are extremely strict and will give the child a whooping and others will take away privileges.
Permissive parents let their children control situations and make their own decisions with few limits and controls and let them make their own mistakes.
Involved parents don't want any part of their childs life and they do not care what they do or what they think.

Characteristics of thinking

Egocentrism- The students are at the preschool age where they believe things happen because of them. They also believe that when something happens at home, they think it was because they had done something wrong and now they are in trouble, but they do not understand that it is not their fault and they are not in trouble. During the preschool age, they are always thinking that when something is put in front of them, it is all for them and they do not have to share it with anyone else that is around them.
Centration- The student often tends to focus on jut one aspect of an object seen. If they notice something interesting, then they will stay with that one object and won't leave it for something else.
Inability to converse- Students do not have the ability to see the transformation in a viewed object.
Animistic thinking- The child will make a object come to life such as a doll or other objects that they play with
Supernatural fears- These are fears that seem worse than they actually are to a child. They get very scared when they see the object or thing they are scared to go near or see.
Classification- This is the ability to know what a object is called and not get it confused with a similar object. Classifying an object will help a child later in life because they will beable to correctly identify an object.
Difficulty identifying transformations- The kids have a difficult time trying to identify the differences in an object.

Age appropriate toys

Age appropriate toys for the ages between 1 and 2 years old

1. Books and recordings- this toy would be age appropriate because it will help the child learn how to read and it can show them how different letters make up a word and it will make it easier for the child to tell the parents what the book says.
2. Large cardboard boxes- this toy is appropriate because it can open up the child's imagination and let them be creative with the box. 

Moms to Monsters

I think that the mom did this to get attention and to make people feel bad for her. This shows that there is definitely something mentally wrong with her and she needs to seek medical attention as soon as possible. As described in the article, she had put drugs into her daughters system to make her go into anaphylactic shock by taking things from the lab and bringing them home to get her daughter sick.
My reaction when I read this article made me very angry and upset knowing that a mother would actually do this to her own child, pretend that she had cancer, and to trick everyone into believing that she had lost two babies while she was 5 months pregnant. She was also hurting her child on a daily basis and pretending to get sick in the process.
She deserves to be behind bars for the rest of her life. She didn't only hurt herself but she hurt her daughter which is her own flesh and blood. She should not have the right to have kids and have them live with her. If she gets out of prison early, people need to watch out because she is a dangerous person.

Chapter 7 vocabulary words

Preoperational stage: Kids can reason and think about the world in ways that were not possible in earlier stages.

Intuition: Primitive reasoning based on feelings, to more rational and logical thinking.

Centration: The tendency to focus on just one aspect of something seen.

Conservation: Refers to the ability to follow transformations of viewed objects.

Egocentrism: The inability  to take another person's perspective.

Windows of Opportunity: The time frames for optimizing the development of critical skills.

Metacognition: The kids think about what they are thinking.

Metamemory: The kids think about what they remember.

 Phonology: Refers to the sounds that make up words.

Semantics: Refers to the meanings of words.

Preconventional mortality: Kohlberg's first level of moral development.

Initiative versus guilt: Eriksons description of the next stage in socio-emotional development.

Democratic Parenting Styles: Parents who offer support while setting clear limits.

Authoritarian parenting style: Controlling and corrective.

Permissive parenting style: Let children control situations, making the decisions with few limits or controls.

Gender Identity: Most children by the age of 3 have a sense that they are a girl or a boy.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Affects an area in the brain and researchers believe it is genetic.

Autism spectrum disorder: a developmental disability that leads to problems with social behaviors and communication.

Aspergers disorder: A mild form of autism.

Autism Disorder: Can affect all areas of development.

How to begin potty training