Puberty- Period of development marked by growth spurts and sexual maturation.
Pituitary gland- Small organ at the base of the brain that releases hormones that regulate growth and hormones.
Asynchrony- Growth occurs at different rates, adolescences may appear to be "all legs and arms".
Voice cracking- Male voice changes during early teen years.
Energy balance- Maintaining a healthy body weight, the intake of calories must be equal to the output of calories.
Eating disorder- Serious condition that involves abnormal eating patterns that can cause severe to life-threatening physical problems
Anorexia nervosa- Relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation, one type of eating disorder.
Bulimia nervosa- Eating disorder that uses binging and purging pattern.
Bingeing- Involves consuming large amounts of food.
Purging- Self- induced method of expelling food from the system such as vomiting or using laxatives.
Binge-eating disorder- Involves eating large amounts of food without taking any actions to reduce the amount of food intake.
Personal fable- Thinking pattern related to cognitive function.
Invincible- Many adolescence believe that bad things will never happen to them because they are unique and special.
Formal operations- Piaget's fourth and final stage of his theory where he believes this stage starts at the beginning of adolescence.
Amygdala- Part of the brain responsible for emotional reactions such as anger, develops early.
Prefrontal cortex- Regulates emotions and impulse control.
Metaphors- Connects 2 seemingly unlike objects objects or ideas that have something in common such as "my car is a lemon" to denote that a car has mechanical problems.
Idiom- Expression that has cultural meaning, but does not necessarily make sense.
Decision making process- Series of steps that involves examining the issue, analyzing alternatives, and acting based on careful evaluation.
Identity versus identity confusion- Most important task for adolescence is the quest to establish identity and life roles.
Imaginary audience- Adolescence make themselves the main player on the stage of life and believe everyone is watching them.
Peer pressure- Influence that a group of people has on an individual in the same age group.
Cyberbullying- Harassment of others through digital media.
Substance abuse- Misuse of drugs to a toxic, dangerous level.
Extracurricular activities- Promote group interaction and have a positive effect on social skills.
Career and technical student organizations (CTSOs)- Provide students with opportunities to demonstrate social skills such as loyalty, responsibility and leadership.
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