Testosterone- A hormone in men that declines as a man ages. When this happens a man may experience moods and emotion changes.
Estrogen- A hormone that is important in the development of female bodily characteristics.
Progesterone- A hormone that prepares the female body for reproduction.
Perimenopause- When a women experiences a decrease in estrogen and progesterone (hormones that are found in higher levels in women than men), Over time, these hormones decrease and cause irregular menstrual periods.
Menopause- When a women has periods that cease for more than a year and they can no longer reproduce.
Visual acuity- This is known as the loss of vision sharpness. By the mid-forties, the lens of the eye starts to thicken and slightly pigmented layers of color form on the eye lens.
Presbyopia- A condition that is also common due to the loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, which results in a slow decrease in the ability to focus on nearby objects.
Sarcopenia- The loss of muscle mass and strength and at the same time, fat tissue increases.
Osteoporosis- A calcium deficiency that causes bones to become more brittle and less dense.
Benign- A tumor that is noncancerous.
Malignant- A term used to describe a tumor that is cancerous.
Chemotherapy- A use of cancer-killing chemicals and drugs through radiation and surgical removal.
Artherosclerosis- A cardiovascular disease that is caused by the clogging of arteries with plaque.
Inductive reasoning- Involves making conclusions by moving from detailed facts to general theory. Inductive reasoning begins with a detailed, zoomed-in view and then zooms out to make a conclusion.
Deductive reasoning- Uses general observations or theory to reach a detailed conclusion. Deductive reasoning looks at the larger picture and zooms into a focal point.
Episodic memories- Those memories that include personal experiences or events such as remembering where you put your car keys.
Semantic memories- Focus on knowledge such as how to change a flat tire.
Generatively versus Stagnation- A time for figuring out how to leave legacies of one's self to the next generation. 
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